Amadirishya yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa: Inama zoroshye zo gushyiraho no kubungabunga ibitaro

Ibitaro Amadirishya y'ubuzima bwite Bakorwaho kenshi, bagahindurwa bitewe n’igitutu, kandi akenshi bakirengagiza kugeza ubwo biba imbogamizi ku matsinda akora isuku cyangwa impungenge zo kwirinda kwandura. Uko ibigo bihuza umubare w’abarwayi, kugabanya HAI, imbogamizi z’abakozi, n’intego zo kubungabunga ubuzima,ikoreshwa rimwe Amakarito yo mu cyumba bitanga ubundi buryo bufatika bwo gusimbura imyenda imeswa ahantu hakwiye. Agaciro kabyo gaterwa n'igiciro kirenze icy'umwenda: uburemere bw'ibikoresho, icyemezo cy'umutekano w'inkongi, ibirego byo kurwanya mikorobe, ibikoresho byo kuyishyiraho, ingengabihe yo kuyihindura, no gucunga imyanda byose bigira ingaruka ku mikorere n'ikiguzi. Iyi nyandiko isobanura uburyo ibitaro bishobora gusuzuma, gushyiraho no kubungabunga uburyo bwo gukoresha imyenda ikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyimesera hibandwa ku mutekano, kubahiriza amategeko, no kunoza imikorere.

Impamvu amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa ari ingenzi

Impinduka kuva ku myenda gakondo iboshye ikajya ku amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa rimwe gusa bigaragaza impinduka igaragara mu micungire y’ibigo nderabuzima. Mu gihe ibitaro bihanganye n’igitutu cyo kunoza imikoreshereze y’abarwayi, kugabanya kwanduza ibidukikije, no gucunga ingengo y’imari iciriritse mu mikorere, abayobozi b’ibigo barimo baratekereza ku bundi buryo bwo gukoresha kugira ngo borohereze ibikorwa bya buri munsi kandi bashyigikire amabwiriza y’umutekano mu by’ubuvuzi.

Ibisobanuro by'ubuvuzi n'imanza zikoreshwa

Yakozwe cyane cyane muri polypropylene idaboshye (pulasitiki yo mu bwoko bwa 5), inzitizi zikoreshwa mu gukoresha gutanga ubuzima bwite bwihuse nta mutwaro w'ibikoresho wo kumesa imyenda mu nganda. Ibipimo bisanzwe bikunze kugaragaza uburemere bw'ibikoresho hagati ya garama 100 na 120 kuri metero kare (gsm) kugira ngo habeho uburyo bworoshye bwo kubikora no gukomera.

Izi rideau zikunze gushyirwa mu byumba byita ku barembye cyane (ICU), mu biro by’ubutabazi bw’ibanze, no mu byumba byo kwakiriramo abantu, aho ari ngombwa ko abantu binjira mu byumba byihuse. Uburyo bwo kutagira ubwikorezi bwa polypropylene idakoze mu bwoya bwirukana amazi mu mubiri, bukarinda abakozi mu gihe cyo gukora aerosol. Ariko, ibigo bigomba gusuzuma ingaruka ku bidukikije: amarido yo kwa muganga ya polypropylene Akenshi ntizishobora kongera gukoreshwa mu myanda isanzwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, guhindura uburyo bwo gukoresha rimwe bishobora kongera cyane ingano y'imyanda yose mu kigo niba nta gahunda zihariye zo kongera gukoresha imyanda mu gace runaka zihari. Mu hantu hadakomeye cyangwa ahantu hafite ibikorwa remezo byo kumesa imyenda birambye kandi binoze, amarido asanzwe ashobora kongera gukoreshwa ashobora kuba meza kurushaho kugira ngo hagabanywe ikiguzi cyo kugura imyanda ya pulasitiki n'amafaranga ahoraho yo kuyigura.

Kurwanya ubwandu n'ibitera ubucuruzi

Impamvu y'ingenzi ituma umuntu afata ibisubizo by'ubuzima bwite byo gukoresha mu buryo butaziguye ni ukugabanya indwara ziterwa n'ubuvuzi (HAIs). Indwara zitera indwara nka Clostridioides difficile n'ibidaterwa na Methicillin Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ishobora kubaho ku myenda gakondo igihe kirekire. Mu gushyira mu bikorwa amarido y'ibitaro kugira ngo umurwayi agire umutekano, inyubako zishobora kugabanya ibyago bijyana no kumesa imyenda idatunganyijwe neza no gutwara imyenda yanduye.

Mu by'imari, ihinduka ry'ibiciro rihindura amafaranga ava ku kumesa imyenda ihoraho ajya ku kugura no guta imyanda mu buryo buhoraho. Nubwo gukoresha imigozi vuba bishobora kugabanya igihe cyo gusukura ibikoresho no kuzigama abakozi, abayobozi b'uruhererekane rw'ibikoresho bagomba kugenzura neza ibi bintu. Uburyo bwo gukoresha rimwe ntibugabanya ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga imyenda ugereranije n'imyenda ishobora kongera gukoreshwa.

Uburyo bwo kugereranya amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa

Guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kugabanya ibicuruzwa bisaba isuzumabumenyi bw'ibikoresho, iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko, n'ikiguzi cy'ubuzima. Amatsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko agomba kureba kure y'ibiciro by'ibikoresho bya mbere kugira ngo asuzume agaciro kabyo, ingaruka ku bidukikije, n'umutekano w'ibicuruzwa.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'imyenda, imiti irwanya mikorobe, n'umutekano w'inkongi

Bitewe n'amabwiriza y'akarere, amarido y'ubuvuzi bagomba kubahiriza amahame yihariye yerekeye umutekano w'inkongi, nko gutsinda ibizamini bya NFPA 701 cyangwa BS 5867 Igice cya 2 Ubwoko bwa C bwo gutwika. Ni ngombwa kugenzura ibi byemezo, kuko kubahiriza amategeko bitandukana cyane bitewe n'akarere n'ibicuruzwa. Abaguzi bagomba guhora basaba raporo z'ibizamini byigenga, aho gufata icyemezo cy'uko byubahirizwa na bose. Bitandukanye n'imyenda gakondo ishobora gutakaza imiterere idakira inkongi nyuma yo kumesa kenshi, amahitamo meza y'ubukorikori akunze kuvurwa mu gihe cyo gusohora kugira ngo akomeze kugira uburinzi buhoraho bw'inkongi.

Byongeye kandi, hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe burimo ikoranabuhanga rirwanya udukoko, nk'ubuvuzi bwa silver-ion, bwagenewe kugabanya umubare w'udukoko twa bagiteri. Icy'ingenzi ni uko ubu buryo bwo kuvura budasimbura uburyo bwo guhindura imiti mu buryo bwateganyijwe cyangwa uburyo bwo kuyica mu buryo busanzwe. Abaguzi bagomba kwemeza ko ibyo bavuga ko ari byo byose bifite akamaro bishyigikiwe n'amakuru yihariye ku bicuruzwa kandi byubahirije ibisabwa na EPA cyangwa ibindi bisabwa mu kwiyandikisha mu karere.

Urutonde rw'igereranya ry'amasoko y'ibitaro

Kugira ngo ibyemezo byo kugura bibe bimwe, komite zishinzwe gutanga amasoko zigomba gukoresha uburyo bwo kugereranya busuzuma ibipimo by'imikorere ugereranije n'uburyo gakondo bwo gushushanya. Urutonde rukurikira rugaragaza itandukaniro rishobora kubaho mu micungire y'ubuzima n'itangwa ry'umutungo, nubwo imibare nyayo izatandukana bitewe n'aho ibintu biherereye n'umusaruro.

Mu kugenzura ibi bipimo, abayobozi b’uruhererekane rw’ibikoresho bashobora guteganya neza ikiguzi cyose cy’umutungo. Ibigo bigomba kuringaniza ikiguzi cy’imari n’ikiguzi cyo kumesa imyenda gakondo ugereranije n’ibisabwa mu kugura no gucunga imyanda bihoraho bya amahitamo yo gukoresha.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho no kubungabunga

Intsinzi mu mikorere ya ibice bikoreshwa mu gusana ishingiye cyane ku mikorere isanzwe yo gushyiraho ibikoresho ndetse no guhuza neza serivisi zirengera ibidukikije (EVS) n'amashami yo kwirinda kwandura. Gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukora ibintu busobanutse kandi bushobora gusubirwamo byemeza ko inyungu z'ibicuruzwa zigerwaho neza.

Amahame yihuse yo gushyiraho ibikoresho ku makipe y'ibikoresho

Byinshi bigezweho amarido y'ubuzima bwite bw'ibitaro byagenewe gushyirwaho vuba, hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa glide hook cyangwa U-hook bugamije guhuzwa n'ibikorwa remezo biriho ku gisenge. Ariko, "hooks" zishobora kudakwirana na sisitemu zose za "track", kandi amwe mu madirishya ashobora kongera gukoreshwa atanga ibikoresho byo guhindura vuba; bityo, igenzura ryuzuye rya "track" rigomba mbere yo kugura ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose. Amatsinda y'ibigo agomba guhugura abakozi ba EVS ku ntambwe ku yindi kugira ngo barebe ko bashyirwaho neza:

1. Suzuma: Genzura neza ko inzira ihamye kandi urebe neza ko ubwoko bw'ingufu bukwiye bwatoranyijwe ku kirahuri gisanzwe.
2. Shyira ku murongo: Kuramo umwenda w'ipamba hanyuma ushyireho imigozi y'imizigo yihuse n'aho ushyiramo inzira.
3. Gushyira ku rubuga: Shyira imigozi mu nzira uko bikurikirana, urebe neza ko umwenda ugenda neza nta gufata.
4. Emeza: Emeza ko umwenda uhanagura hasi kugira ngo wirinde ibyago bishobora guterwa n'umurwayi mu gihe utanga ubwishingizi bwuzuye ku buzima bwe bwite.

Binyuze mu mikorere myiza, abatekinisiye bashobora gusimbura amarido yanduye vuba. Ubu bushobozi bwo guhinduranya ibintu neza ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gihe cy'imbeho cyangwa mu bihe by'icyorezo, bigatuma uburiri budatinda kubera kubungabunga imbogamizi zo mu ibanga.

Guhuza ibikorwa byo gutanga amasoko no gukumira ubwandu

Gucunga neza imikorere y’ubuzima bisaba ubufatanye bukomeye hagati y’abacunga imiyoboro y’ibikoresho n’inzobere mu kurwanya ubwandu. Ibigo bigomba gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda zikomeye zo gusimbuza abarwayi hashingiwe ku bunararibonye bw’ivuriro, igipimo cy’abarwayi bava mu bitaro, n’amabwiriza agenga ikigo. Urugero, amarido akoreshwa rimwe gusa ku mavuriro n'ibyumba by'indembe Muri rusange ahantu ho kwakirira abarwayi akenshi hashyirwaho gahunda yo gusimburwa buri mezi make, mu gihe aho umurwayi ashyirwa mu byumba byo gutwika, mu byumba byo kuvura kanseri, cyangwa mu byumba byo kwikingira indwara ziterwa n’indwara, akenshi biba ngombwa ko umurwayi ahita ajyanwa mu bitaro.

Kugira ngo aya mabwiriza ashyirwe mu bikorwa, amatsinda ashinzwe kubungabunga ashobora gukoresha ibirango by’igenzura byanditse ku mitwe myinshi y’amarido.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Hitamo imyenda ya polypropylene idafunze ifite ubugari bwa 100–120 gsm iyo bikenewe ko idahita igaragara, imbaraga, kandi ishyirwa vuba mu nzego z'ubuvuzi.
• Shyira imbere amarido akoreshwa mu byumba byo kwikingira indwara zifata abantu benshi (ICU), amashami y’ubutabazi bw’ibanze, n’ibyumba byo kwakiriramo abantu mu kato aho ihindagurika ryihuse ry’ibiciro no kurwanya ubwandu ari byo by’ingenzi mu mikorere.
• Saba raporo zigenga z’ibizamini by’umutekano w’inkongi, nka NFPA 701 cyangwa BS 5867, mbere yo kwemeza ibicuruzwa byose bikoreshwa mu bitaro.
• Fata imiti irwanya udukoko nk'inyongera ku mikorere yo kurwanya ubwandu, ntabwo ari ugusimbura guhindura imyenda ku gihe no kuyica udukoko ku buso.
• Mubare ikiguzi cyose cy'umutungo w'inzu, harimo kugura, kuzigama abakozi, kwirinda kumesa imyenda, kubika, kujugunya imyanda, n'ingaruka ku bidukikije.
• Suzuma uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha cyangwa guta imyanda mu gace utuyemo mbere yo kuyikoresha ku bwinshi kuko amarido ya polypropylene ashobora kongera ubwinshi bw'imyanda ikoreshwa mu buvuzi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha akorwa mu ki?

Inyinshi muri zo zikozwe muri polypropylene idaboshye, akenshi ingana na 100–120 gsm, kugira ngo zitange ibanga, ubushobozi bwo kudasohoka, kandi zigatuma zirushaho gukomera bihagije mu ikoreshwa ry’ubuvuzi.

Ni hehe amarido yo kwihisha akoreshwa mu gihe cyo gukoresha ubusa afasha cyane?

Bifite akamaro cyane cyane mu bigo bitanga ubufasha mu by’ibanze, mu mashami y’ubutabazi bw’ibanze, mu byumba byo kwishyira mu kato, no mu tundi duce dukunze kugerwamo n’abantu benshi aho guhindura ibyumba byihuse no kugenzura ubwandu ari byo by’ingenzi.

Ese amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha afasha kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura?

Bashobora gushyigikira gahunda zo kurwanya ubwandu binyuze mu gukuraho icyuho cyo gukaraba no kugabanya kwegerana kw'imyenda yanduye, cyane cyane aho indwara nka MRSA cyangwa C. difficile ari ikibazo.

Ese amarido akoreshwa mu gusana imiti yica udukoko nta mikorobe akoreshwa mu gusana?

Oya. Imiti igabanya udukoko ishobora kugabanya umubare w’udukoko twa bagiteri, ariko ntisimbura uburyo bwo guhindura imiti bwateguwe, isuku isanzwe, cyangwa uburyo bwanditse bwo kugenzura ubwandu.

Ni izihe ngingo ngenderwaho ku bijyanye n'umutekano w'inkongi z'umuriro ibitaro bigomba kugenzura?

Ibigo bigomba gusaba raporo z'ibizamini by'abandi ku bipimo ngenderwaho nk'ibi bikurikira: NFPA 701 cyangwa BS 5867 Igice cya 2 Ubwoko C, bitewe n'ibisabwa n'akarere.