Ubuyobozi bw'isuku mu byumba byo koza imiti n'ibikoresho bikoresha imiti

Mu nganda zigenzurwa, mop si ikintu gikoreshwa mu kugenzura ubwandu—ni igice cyo kugenzura ubwandu gishobora kugira ingaruka ku isuku, umusaruro wa wafer, no kwitegura kugenzura. Amatsinda y’abakora imiti agomba gucunga umutwaro w’ibinyabuzima, guhuza imiti yica udukoko, n’ibiteganyijwe ku Mugereka wa 1, mu gihe ibikoresho bya semiconductor bigomba kwirinda uduce duto, iyoni, ibisigazwa, n’ingaruka za electrostatic ku gipimo cya microscopic. Iyi mfashanyigisho isobanura uburyo bwo gusuzuma isukura ry'icyumba cyo gusukura ibikoresho, ubwubatsi, uko ibintu bishyirwa mu buryo bwo koroshya ibidukikije, uburyo bipakiye, n'uburyo bikwiranye n'uturere twashyizwe mu byiciro bya ISO. Igaragaza kandi impamvu imikorere idakomeye, impande zifunze, imesa imyenda yemewe, n'uburyo imiti ihuye n'ibinyabutabire ari ingenzi mu gihe ikiguzi cy'ikintu cyanduye gishobora kurenza vuba igiciro cy'uburyo bwo gusukura ubwabwo.

Akamaro k'ingenzi ko guhitamo isuku mu cyumba cyo koza isuku

Abayobozi b'ibigo n'inzobere mu by'ubuziranenge mu nganda zikora imiti n'ibinyabutabire bahura n'ibisabwa bikomeye mu kugenzura ihumana ry'udukoko n'udukoko. Ingamba zigezweho zo kurwanya ihumana, ziyobowe n'uburyo nk'umugereka wa EMA wavuguruwe wa 1 n'amabwiriza ya FDA cGMP, zisaba kugenzura neza ibidukikije no gusukura ubuso. Amabwiriza yo gusukura ubuso ni ubwirinzi bw'ibanze mu kwirinda ihuzwa ry'udukoko twangiza umusaruro no kwiyongera kw'ibimera. Iby'ingenzi muri aya mabwiriza ni uguhitamo ibikoresho byihariye byo gusukura byakozwe by'umwihariko ku bidukikije bigenzurwa.

Gushyira mu bikorwa ikintu kidakwiye Isuku yo mu cyumba cyo gusukura bishobora guteza ikwirakwira ry’ibintu bikomeye, bigatera kwangwa kw’ibice cyangwa inenge za wafer zisanzwe zitwara amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo by’amadolari ku isaha mu gihe umusaruro wahagaze. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abakora ibikorwa by’inganda bagomba gusuzuma sisitemu zo koroshya atari ibikoresho bisanzwe byo mu isuku gusa, ahubwo ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi bigengwa n'amahame akomeye y'umubiri n'imiti.

Gusobanura Mopu zo mu cyumba cyo gusukura ku turere twashyizwe mu byiciro bya ISO

Gusobanura ibikoresho byo gusukura ahantu hashyizwe mu byiciro bya ISO bisaba gukurikiza ibipimo by’umubiri bikomeye. Imashini isanzwe yo mu nganda ikuraho insinga ibihumbi kuri metero kare, mu gihe iyemewe Isuku yo mu cyumba cyo gusukura Yagenewe ibice bya ISO Class 3 kugeza kuri 5 ikorwa kugira ngo itange umubare muto cyane w’uduce duto hakurikijwe amahame yatangajwe nka IEST-RP-CC004. Izi ngamba zikomeye zigerwaho binyuze mu buryo bwihariye bwo gukora, nko gufunga impande z’imyenda hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasonic cyangwa laser kugira ngo hirindwe ko fibre icika. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mu duce tw’ingenzi twa Grade A/B na ISO Class 3-5, inyubako zikunze kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho byihariye byo gusukura cyangwa sisitemu zo gusukura zikora ku buso bw’ibanze, zikoresha cyane cyane mops ku butaka no ku bice binini by’inyubako kugira ngo hirindwe kurenza urugero rw’uruhare rwa mops mu bidukikije byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho by’isuku nyabyo akenshi byogezwa mu buryo bw’amazi meza cyane kandi bigashyirwa mu mifuka ibiri munsi y’umwuka mu buryo bwa ISO Class 4. Ubu buryo bunoze bushyiraho ishingiro ry’uburyo uduce duto cyane two gukora mbere yuko ibikoresho byinjira mu kirere gifunze umukoresha.

Ingaruka zo kwandura zifitanye isano no guhitamo mop

Mu bikorwa by'imiti, ingaruka z'ingenzi zijyanye no guhitamo isupu yoroheje ni ubwandu bwa mikorobe. Inzego z’amategeko zitegeka kugenzura cyane imitwaro y’ibinyabuzima, zigasaba ko umubare wa mikorobe zo ku butaka uguma munsi y’umupaka wihariye w’ibikoresho. Gukoresha imashini yo kwisiga ifite ubushobozi buke bwo kurwanya imiti bishobora gutuma imiti yica udukoko idashobora kwangirika, bigatuma udukoko twanduza indwara tubasha gukomeza gukora isuku.

Ku rundi ruhande, inganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor zishyira imbere kugenzura kwanduzanya kwanduzanya, aho kuva kuri iyoni z'icyuma mu bikoresho bya mop bishobora gutera uruziga rugufi rw'amazi mu miterere ya nanometero. Muri ibi bidukikije, ibintu bishobora gukurwamo iyoni bigomba kugenzurwa kenshi ku rugero ruhamye rugenwa n'ibisabwa n'ikigo. Gukoresha ibikoresho bitujuje ibisabwa bishobora gushyira ibintu bya silikoni mu kaga gashobora gutera uduce duto twa fallout, triboelectric charger, cyangwa ibisigazwa bya shimi bibangamira imiterere yoroshye ya fotolithography cyangwa imiterere yo gushushanya.

Ibisobanuro byo kugereranya isuku y'urufunguzo

Gusuzuma ibikoresho byo gusukura bisaba kugereranya ibikoresho, urwego rwo gusukura, n'imiterere yabyo. Imiterere y'imashini yo gusukura igena uburyo amazi anyuramo, uburyo ikoreshwa mu gukaraba, n'imiterere yayo, mu gihe uburyo ikoreshwa mu gukaraba bigira ingaruka ku munaniro w'umukoresha no kubahiriza gahunda zo gusukura (nk'uburyo bwo gukaraba buri ruhande cyangwa uburyo bwa S-pattern).

Uburyo bwo gukaraba mu buryo butanduye, butarimo agahu gato, kandi bushobora gukoreshwa mu gihe runaka

Ibigo bigomba gusuzuma neza imikoranire hagati y’ibikoresho bidafite ubusembwa n’ibidafite ubusembwa, ndetse n’ibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa n’ibishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Ku bijyanye n’imiti idafite ubusembwa, mopu zidafite umwanda ni ngombwa, akenshi ikorerwa imirasire ya gamma ku gipimo kiri hagati ya 25 na 40 kGy kugira ngo igere ku rwego rwo gupima ubuziranenge bw’ibinure (SAL) rwa 10^-6.

Uburyo bwo gusohora imyanda bukuraho burundu ibyago byo kwanduzwa n’ibindi bikorwa ndetse n’ubwishingizi bw’ubuyobozi bwo kwemeza imyenda. Kubera iyo mpamvu, akenshi ni amahitamo meza mu turere dufite imiterere miremire aho ikiguzi cyo gusura ahantu handuye kiruta cyane ikiguzi gihoraho cy’ibikoresho bikoreshwa rimwe gusa. Ariko, iri sesengura ry’ikiguzi cyo gukoresha rimwe cyangwa rishobora kongera gukoreshwa rigomba kuringanizwa n’ibidukikije. Gukomeza guta pulasitiki n’imyenda ikoreshwa rimwe gusa bitanga imbogamizi ikomeye ku nshingano z’ibigo bishinzwe ibidukikije, imibereho myiza n’imiyoborere (ESG), bikaba ari ikibazo gikomeye mu mikorere. Iyo uhisemo gukoresha mop zishobora kongera gukoreshwa, ibigo bigomba gushyira mu bikorwa inzira zemewe zo kumesa imyenda (urugero, nk'uko biteganywa n'amabwiriza ya IEST-RP-CC005.3). Ingendo zo gusukura inshuro nyinshi zitera kwangirika kw'imigozi, ibyo bikaba byongera uburyo uduce duto dushonga kandi bikagabanya uburyo bwo kwinjiza amazi uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Ibikoresho, Imiterere y'Umutwe, n'Imiterere y'Umukoresho

Ibikoresho bya substrate bya Umutwe wo kogosha igenzura uburyo ikorana n'ibintu bihumanya ikirere n'imiti yica udukoko. Polyester ikomeza gukoreshwa hamwe n'imiti igezweho ya microfiber, ikunze gukoresha igipimo cya 80/20 cya polyester na nylon, ni byo bipimo ngenderwaho mu nganda. Ibi bikoresho bitanga imikorere myiza cyane ya capillary, bigatuma habahoumutwe usanzwe wo koropesha kugira ngo hagumane ingano nziza y'amazi kugira ngo akoreshwe icyarimwe nta mazi menshi.

Uretse ibikoresho bya substrate, imiterere y'umutwe igena uko ikoreshwa. Imipira yoroshye y'urukiramende ni yo ikoreshwa mu nganda kugira ngo habeho uburyo bumwe bwo gutwikira hasi no ku nkuta. Mu gihe protocole za kera rimwe na rimwe zakoreshaga imigozi cyangwa Umupira wo mu bwoko bwa "Loop Mop"Ku buso butaringaniye, ubu muri rusange birindwa ahantu hashyizwe mu byiciro bya ISO kuko bifata ibintu bihumanya kandi bizwiho kugorana kumesa no kwemeza. Amafuremu asa n'ay'umufuka atanga uburyo bwo gufata neza mu gihe cyo gukaraba cyane, mu gihe imitwe y'imbere y'ifuro ikunzwe cyane kubera ko igumana amazi menshi.

Mu gihe uhitamo umuhanga mu by'ibanga Isuku yo hasi mu cyumba cyo gusukura, ibikoresho bifite akamaro kanini ku mutwe ushobora gukoreshwa. Ibikoresho bigomba kwihanganira ibintu bikomeye bishobora kwica udukoko no gusukura burundu. Imigozi ya aluminiyumu ya anodized hamwe n'imigozi ya 316L ya electro-polished steel polished ni byiza cyane—kandi akenshi bisabwa na SOPs zo imbere—kuko birwanya ingese kandi bikarinda kwangirika kw'udusimba tw'icyuma dukunze kubaho ku bikoresho byo hasi. Kubana neza n'indobo n'udupira byo mu cyumba cyo gusukura nabyo ni ingenzi kugira ngo habeho gucunga neza amazi.

Impamyabushobozi, Isoko, n'Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa

Guhindura imikorere kuva ku bipimo bigenwa ukajya ku guhuza ibikorwa bifatika bisaba uburyo buhamye bwo gutanga serivisi no gucunga neza imiyoboro y’ibikoresho. Icyiciro cyo gushyira mu bikorwa kigomba guhuza n’uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora (SOPs) kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo gukora isuku buri gihe no kubahiriza amategeko.

Intambwe z'ingirakamaro zo kugenzura isuku y'icyumba cyo koza

Amabwiriza yo kugenzura ibikoresho byo gusukura bisanzwe

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Hitamo mopu zo mu cyumba cyo gusukura nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu gutunganya, atari ibikoresho rusange byo gusukura, kuko guhitamo nabi mopu bishobora gutuma ifu yangwa, inenge za wafer, ndetse no kumara igihe kinini utabona akazi.
• Ku bidukikije bya ISO Class 3-5, shyira imbere ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa mop bifite impande zifunze neza kandi bifite imikorere yanditse ku kugenzura uduce duto.
• Ibigo bikora imiti bigomba kugenzura ko mop ihuye n’imiti yica udukoko n’imiti yica udukoko kugira ngo birinde ko imiti isukura igabanuka.
• Ibikoresho bya semiconductor bigomba gusuzuma ibikoresho bya mop kugira ngo harebwe niba hari imyuka ikuramo iyoni, ingaruka z'icyuma gisanzwe, ibisigazwa, n'imyitwarire y'amashanyarazi.
• Koresha uburyo bwo koza imyenda bukozwe mu byumba byo gusukura no mu mashashi abiri aho ibisabwa mu kurwanya ubwandu bisaba ko ibice by’umubiri bipimwa ku rugero rwo hasi cyane.
• Huza imiterere y'umukorogosho n'ubuso n'agace: ubuso bw'ingenzi bwo gukoreramo bushobora gusaba isuku cyangwa sisitemu zikora, mu gihe imikorogosho ikwiriye cyane hasi no mu bice binini by'ubwubatsi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Kuki mopu zisanzwe zo mu nganda zidakwiriye gukoreshwa mu byumba by'isuku?

Udupira dusanzwe dushobora gusohora imigozi, uduce duto, n'ibisigazwa byangiza ibidukikije byashyizwe mu byiciro bya ISO. Udupira two gusukura twakozwe kugira ngo dukore uduce duto, akenshi dukoresha impande zifunze neza kandi tugasukura neza kugira ngo tugabanye ibyago byo kwandura.

Ni ibihe bipimo ngenderwaho by'ingenzi mu guhitamo isuku yo mu cyumba?

Ibigo bikunze gusuzuma mops ukurikije ibisabwa na ISO cleanroom, ubuyobozi bwa IEST-RP-CC004, ibyo EMA Annex 1 yiteze, hamwe n'amahame ya FDA cGMP yo kugenzura ihumana, bitewe n'uburyo ikoreshwa n'amategeko agenga.

Ese mopu zo mu cyumba cyo gusukura zikoreshwa mu cyiciro cya A cyangwa ISO Class 3?

Mu bice by'ingenzi cyane, imiyoboro ikoreshwa cyane ku butaka no ku buso bunini bw'inyubako. Ahantu ho gukorera ha mbere akenshi hifashishwa udupira twabugenewe cyangwa sisitemu zikora ku buryo bwikora kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago byo kwandura.

Ni ibihe bintu bigabanya gushonga kw'udukoko mu mubiri?

Imyenda idapfundikiye cyane, impande zifunze neza cyangwa zifunze neza hakoreshejwe laser, koza imyenda mu cyumba gisukuye hakoreshejwe amazi meza cyane, hamwe n'amapaki afite imifuka ibiri bifasha kugabanya irekurwa rya fibre n'ubwandu bw'udukoko mbere yo kuyikoresha.

Ni gute ibisabwa mu gupima imiti n'ibipimo bya semiconductor bitandukanye?

Inganda zikora imiti zishyira imbere uburyo mikorobe n’imiti yica udukoko, mu gihe ibigo bikora imiti byibanda cyane ku kugenzura uduce duto, ibintu bishobora gukurwamo iyoni, ibyuma bito, ibisigazwa, n’ibyago bituruka ku mashanyarazi.