Uburyo amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa mu gihe runaka yongera umutekano w'umurwayi

Ishobora gutabwa amarido y'ibitaro bigira akamaro kanini mu kurwanya ubwandu mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi.amarido y'ubuvuzigushyiraho imbogamizi ikomeye yo kwirinda indwara ziterwa n’udukoko, bigatuma habaho ikirere gitekanye ku barwayi. Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekana ko ibi isuzuma ry'ubuzima bwite bw'ibitarobishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura ku kigero cya 40%, bigatanga ubuso bushya kuri buri murwayi. Gukoresha aya mashuka mu bitaro byongera cyane umutekano w'abarwayi muri rusange, bigatuma aba igice cy'ingenzi cy'ingamba zo kwirinda kwandura. Byongeye kandi,amarido yo kwa muganga akoreshwa mu gusana, nk'uko umwenda wo kugabanya igice cya ICU, birushaho kugira uruhare mu kubungabunga isuku n'ubuzima bwite mu bigo byita ku barwaye indwara zikomeye.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa mu kuvura agabanya cyane ibyago byo kwandura binyuze mu gutanga ubuso bushya kuri buri murwayi, bigabanya ubwandu ku kigero cya 40%.
• Gukoresha amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo gukoresha amatara yoroshye byoroshya gahunda zo gusukura, bigatuma abakozi bibanda cyane ku kwita ku barwayi no kongera imikorere myiza muri rusange.
• Gukoresha amarido akoreshwa rimwe na rimwe byongera ibyishimo by’umurwayi binyuze mu gushyiraho ahantu hasukuye kandi hakira neza, bimutera kwizerana no kwisanzura mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi bwe.

Ingaruka zo kwandura kw'amarido gakondo

Amarido asanzwe yo mu bitaro atera ibyago bikomeye byo kwandura bitewe nuko akunze kwanduzwa n’udukoko. Ayo marido akunze kuba ahantu ho kubika bagiteri zangiza, zishobora kwangiza umutekano w’abarwayi.

Inkomoko y'ibyandujwe

Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekana ko umwanda ugaragara ku mashuka asanzwe yo mu bitaro uteye ubwoba. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko:

• 92% y'amarido yagaragaje umwanda imbere icyumweru kimwe cyo gukoresha.
• 95% by'amarido byagaragaje ubwandu nibura rimwe.

Inkomoko y'ibanze y'ubwandu irimo:

• Imikoranire y'abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima: Amaboko yanduye ashobora kohereza udukoko ku buso, harimo n'amarido. Isuku ikwiye y'intoki ni ingenzi mu kugenzura ikwirakwira ry'udukoko.
• Ahantu hashobora guterwa n'impanuka nyinshi: Ibikoresho nk'iby'ubushyuhe n'iby'ubuvuzi bwa pulasitiki bigaragaza ko hari bagiteri nyinshi. Hari ubwoko bw'udukoko twihanganira indwara nyinshi, harimo na Staphylococcus aureus irwanya Methicillin (MRSA), byanditse kuri ayo madirishya.
• Gufatana kenshi: Abarwayi, abashyitsi, n'abashinzwe ubuvuzi bakunze gukora kuri izi rido, bigatuma habaho kwandura.

Ikigaragara ni uko indwara zikunze kugaragara ku mashuka asanzwe yo mu bitaro zirimo:

• Staphylococcus aureus
• Irwanya Methicillin Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
• Enterococcus irwanya Vancomycin (VRE)
• Udukoni tw’umwuka dukoresha gram-negative

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko 21% y'amarido yapimwe agasanga afite MRSA, mu gihe 42% byagaragaye ko byanduye VRE. Iyi mibare igaragaza ko hakenewe ingamba zinoze zo kurwanya ubwandu.

Ibibazo byo kwanduzanya

Kwanduzanya kw'ibiyobyabwenge biracyari ikibazo gikomeye mu nzego z'ubuvuzi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko bagiteri zitera indwara ziterwa n'ubuvuzi (HAIs) zikunze kuba mu mwenda w'abarwayi. Ingaruka ziyongera iyo abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima birengagije gukaraba cyangwa kwisukura intoki zabo nyuma yo gukora kuri ibyo bice.

Ingingo zikurikira zigaragaza ibibazo by’ubwandu bw’amabara asanzwe ajyanye n’amarido asanzwe yo mu bitaro:

• Amarido yo kwirinda impanuka ashobora kwandura mu cyumweru kimwe uhereye igihe akoreshejwe kandi ashobora kuguma aho ari mu gihe cy'amezi menshi, bigatuma ibyago byo gukwirakwiza indwara birushaho kwiyongera.
• Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Kaminuza ya Manitoba bwagaragaje ko amadirishya yo mu cyumba cy’inyuma ashobora kubamo ubwoko bwinshi bwa bagiteri, harimo na MRSA. Mu mpera z’ubushakashatsi bwamaze ibyumweru bitatu, 100% y'amarido mu byumba by'abarwayi yapimwe ko afite MRSA.
• Icyorezo cya HAI cyagaragaye nyuma y’amarido yanduye, bigaragaza uruhare rwayo nk’icyorezo cya bagiteri na virusi.

Ibyiza byo gukoresha amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa

Kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura

Amashuka yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa rimwe gusa yongera cyane uburyo bwo kurwanya ubwandu mu bitaro. Kuba akoreshwa rimwe gusa bigabanya ibyago byo kwanduzwa n’abarwayi, ibi bikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu mutekano w’abarwayi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko aya mashuka ashobora kugabanya umutwaro wa mikorobe mu bigo byita ku barwayi kugeza kuri 40%. Uku kugabanuka ni ingenzi cyane cyane mu bice bishobora guteza akaga nko mu mashami y’ubutabazi bwihuse no mu byumba byo kubaga.

Imiterere y’imiti ikoreshwa mu gupfuka imiti irwanya udukoko irushaho kugira uruhare mu gutuma ikora neza. Urugero, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko imiti ikoreshwa mu byumba byita ku barwayi barembye (ICU) igaragaza ubushobozi bwo kurwanya udukoko nk’udukoko. BiragoyeUbu bushobozi bufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura indwara ziterwa n’ubuvuzi (HAIs). Mu by’ukuri, gukoresha amashuka y’abarwayi akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha byagaragaje ko bigabanya umubare w’abandura ku kigero cya 30%, bikongera umutekano w’abarwayi muri rusange.

Byongeye kandi, imyenda gakondo ishobora kongera gukoreshwa ikunze kwanduzwa mu cyumweru kimwe nyuma yo kuyikoresha. Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru American Journal of Infection Control bwerekana ko 92% by'iyi mitako irimo bagiteri zikomeye nka MRSA na VRE. Mu buryo bunyuranye, imyenda yo mu bitaro ishobora guhindurwa kenshi, bigahagarika uruhererekane rw'ikwirakwizwa ry'imikorobe kandi bigaha abarwayi ibidukikije bitekanye.

Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha rimwe

Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha amarido yo mu bitaro rimwe gusa ntibushobora kurenza urugero. Aya marido akuraho ko hakenewe gahunda nini zo gusukura zijyanye n'amarido asanzwe yo mu myenda. Ibitaro bishobora kwirinda ikiguzi n'igihe gisabwa mu kumesa, bigatuma abakozi bibanda ku kwita ku barwayi aho kwita ku mirimo yo kubungabunga.

Byongeye kandi, amarido akoreshwa rimwe na rimwe atanga ahantu heza kandi hatanduye kuri buri murwayi. Iki kintu ni ingenzi cyane mu kubungabunga amahame y'isuku, cyane cyane mu bice bikunze kugendwa cyane nko mu byumba byita ku barwayi barembye cyane. Guhinduranya vuba ibyumba bishyigikiwe n'amarido akoreshwa rimwe na rimwe bituma abarwayi bitabwaho ahantu hasukuye kandi hatekanye.

Ibyiza by'amarido akoreshwa rimwe gusa ntibigarukira ku kurwanya ubwandu. Yongera ubunararibonye bw'umurwayi muri rusange binyuze mu kunoza uburyo yumva isuku. Amarido mashya agira uruhare mu gutuma umurwayi amererwa neza kandi akizera, ibyo bikaba ari bimwe mu bigize ubuvuzi bwiza.

Ibyiza by'imikorere y'amarido y'ibitaro ashobora gukoreshwa

Amabwiriza yo Koroshya Isuku

Amashuka yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa rimwe gusa yoroshya cyane gahunda zo gusukura. Imiterere yayo ikoreshwa rimwe gusa ituma bidasaba ko umuntu amesa imyenda, ibyo bikaba bifata igihe kinini bijyana n'amashuka gakondo. Amavuriro ashobora gusimbuza aya mashuka vuba, agatanga uruzitiro rushya kandi rudafite umwanda kuri buri murwayi. Ubu buryo bworoshya ingamba zo kurwanya ubwandu kandi bukagabanya ibyago byo kwanduzanya.

• Ibitaro byatanze raporo ku bantu bagera kuri Kugabanuka kwa 93% mu kwanduzwa na bagiteri nyuma yo guhindura imyenda ikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha.
• Guhindura amarido ubu bifata gusa Amasegonda 20ugereranije na Iminota 20 ku mahitamo gakondo. Sisitemu zimwe na zimwe zemerera guhindura amarido muri Amasegonda 30 cyangwa munsi yayo.
• Kuba nta gahunda zigoye zo gusukura bituma abakozi bibanda cyane ku kwita ku barwayi aho kwita ku mirimo yo kubungabunga.

Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha butuma umurwayi arushaho kugira umutekano no kunyurwa.

Uburyo bwo Kugabanya Ikiguzi mu Gihe Gishize

Nubwo ikiguzi cya mbere cy'amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa gashobora gusa n'aho ari hejuru, bigaragara ko ahendutse uko igihe kigenda gihita. Isesengura ryerekana ko ikiguzi cy'ubuzima bwose bw'amarido ashobora gukoreshwa gashobora kuba hafi $115,750 mu gihe cy'imyaka irindwi, mu gihe amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha agura hafi $224.000 mu gihe kimwe. Ariko, amarido ashobora kongera gukoreshwa asaba kozwa kenshi, ibyo bikaba byongera amafaranga menshi muri rusange.

Mu kugabanya igihe gikoreshwa mu kubungabunga no kunoza uburyo bwo kurwanya ubwandu, amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa rimwe na rimwe atuma habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gutanga ibikoresho no kunoza umusaruro w’abarwayi.

Amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa mu gihe runaka ni ingenzi mu kurwanya ubwandu. Gushyirwa mu bikorwa kwabyo ni intambwe ikomeye mu kunoza umutekano w'abarwayi. Ibigo bikora aya marido bigira inyungu zikomeye:

• Kurwanya ubwandu: Amashuka akoreshwa rimwe gusa agabanya cyane amahirwe yo kwandura indwara bitewe n’uko akoreshwa rimwe gusa.
• Imiterere y'imiti irwanya udukoko: Bibuza ko udukoko twangiza twiyongera, bigatuma buri murwayi agira ibidukikije bisukuye.
• Guhindura byihuse: Abakozi bashobora gusimbuza amarido mu minota ibiri, bigatuma umurwayi yibanda cyane ku kwita ku barwayi.
• Kunyurwa kw'umurwayi kurushaho: Kugaragara neza bigira uruhare mu gutuma umurwayi akira neza, bikongera ihumure n'icyizere muri rusange.

Gushora imari mu bikoresho byo gukoresha bishobora gutuma ubuzima bwiza burushaho kuba bwiza mu nzego z'ubuvuzi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha akozwe mu ki?

Amashuka yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe akozwe mu mwenda uramba wa polypropylene udakoze mu budodo, bigatuma habaho imbaraga n'ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara kugira ngo habeho isuku.

Amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo gukoresha rimwe agomba gusimbuzwa kangahe?

Ibigo bigomba gusimbuza imyenda ikoreshwa rimwe nyuma yo kuyikoresha cyangwa iyo igaragara ko yanduye kugira ngo habeho isuku ihagije no kurwanya ubwandu.

Ese amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa mu gihe runaka ntangiza ibidukikije?

Yego, amarido menshi yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa, nk'ayavuye muri Esun, akozwe mu bikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa 100%, bishyigikira imikorere irambye mu nzego z'ubuvuzi.

Ikirego

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