Uburyo bwo kunoza umutekano w'umurwayi ukoresheje amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa

Ahantu ho mu bitaro hakunze kuba hari bagiteri zangiza, bigatuma kurwanya ubwandu biba ikibazo gihoraho. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko indwara ziterwa n’ubuvuzi (HCAIs) zifata abarwayi bagera kuri 7.6% mu bihugu byateye imbere n’abagera kuri 19.1% mu turere tukiri mu nzira y’amajyambere. Amashuka gakondo ashobora kubamo udukoko nka Acinetobacter baumannii amezi menshi, bikongera ibyago. Amarido akoreshwa mu bitaro koroshya ibikorwa by'isuku, bitanga uburyo bwizewe kandi bwizewe bwo kugabanya ubwandu.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Amarido yo kwa muganga ashobora gukoreshwa kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura bitewe no kuba isukuye kurusha imyenda.
• Abakozi bahugura gusimbuza amarido neza bituma abarwayi bakomeza kuba mu mutekano.
• Ibikoresho byihariye biri muri aya mashuka bihagarika bagiteri, bigatuma ibitaro bisukura kandi abarwayi barushaho kumererwa neza.

Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara mu bitaro

Uruhare rw'ahantu handuye mu ikwirakwira ry'ubwandu

Ibidukikije by’ibitaro byuzuyemo ahantu hakora cyane hashobora kuba ahantu ho kubika udukoko twangiza. Aha hantu, kuva ku nkuta z’ibitanda kugeza kuri clavier za mudasobwa, akenshi haguma handuye nubwo hasukurwa buri gihe. Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Ikinyamakuru cy'Abanyamerika gishinzwe kurwanya ubwandu basanze udukoko twa bagiteri dukomeza kuri utwo duce, bigatuma umubare w’abandura ugenda wiyongera bitewe n’ubuvuzi.

Indwara zitera indwara nka Clostridium difficile na virusi ya Hepatite B (HBV) birahangayikishije cyane. C. biragoye ishobora kubaho ku butaka kugeza ku mezi atanu, mu gihe HBV ikomeza kubaho iminsi irindwi. Ibintu bikunze kwibasirwa birimo ibikoresho byo mu rugo, amasafuriya yo kuryamaho, n'udupira tw'umuvuduko w'amaraso. Mu duce twegereye abarwayi banduye, umubare w'abanduye C. biragoye ishobora kugera kuri 58%. Uku gukomeza kugaragaza akamaro ko gushyiraho uburyo bwo kurwanya indwara mu buryo bwimbitse.

Ahantu hakoraho cyane, nk'utubuto twa pompe y'amazi n'ibyuma byo ku ruhande rw'igitanda, ni imbogamizi idasanzwe. Aha hantu hakunze gukoreshwa n'abarwayi ndetse n'abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima, byongera ibyago byo kwanduzwa n'abandi. Gusukura buri munsi bishobora kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'udukoko mu maboko y'abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima, ariko ingorane zo kubungabunga ahantu hatagaragara mu bitaro bihuze ziracyari imbogamizi ikomeye.

Inama: Ibyumba byo kuraramo kimwe bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura mu kugabanya umubare w'ahantu handuye abarwayi basangira.

Impamvu amarido gakondo ari ikibazo cy'isuku

Amashuka asanzwe y’imyenda, akenshi yirengagizwa mu gihe cyo gusukura, ashobora kuba afite udukoko twangiza. Nubwo asa n’aho asa neza, aya mashuka ashobora kuba arimo bagiteri zirwanya imiti nka MRSA. Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC) gisaba gusukura amashuka iyo agaragara nk’aho yanduye, nyuma yo kuyasuka, kandi buri gihe hashingiwe ku ngaruka zanduye. Ariko, aya mabwiriza ntabwo akurikizwa buri gihe bitewe n’igihe gito cyangwa amabwiriza adahagije yo kuyasukura.

Indwara ziterwa n'ibitaro (HAIs) zigenda zirushaho kugira isano n'imyenda yo mu rwego rw'ubuzima, harimo n'amarido yo kwihisha ku buzima bwite bw'umuntu. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ndetse amarido arwanya mikorobe bishobora kwandura uko igihe kigenda. Imyanda itagaragara, rimwe na rimwe yitwa "fecal patina," ishobora gutuma hatabaho isuku ihagije. Ibi bituma imyenda gakondo ishobora kuba isoko y'ubwandu, cyane cyane mu bice bishobora kwanduzanya cyane nko mu byumba byita ku barembye n'ibyumba byo kubaga.

Amarido akoreshwa mu bitarobitanga igisubizo gifatika kuri iki kibazo. Bitandukanye n'amarido y'imyenda, yagenewe gusimburwa byoroshye, bigatuma ibidukikije bisukuye kandi bifite isuku. Mu guhuza Umwenda ukoreshwa mu kujugunyaMu bijyanye n'amabwiriza y'isuku mu bitaro, ibigo nderabuzima bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kwandura mu gihe bikongera umutekano w'abarwayi.

Ibyiza by'amarido akoreshwa mu bitaro

Gusimbuza no Kubungabunga byoroshye

Amashuka akoreshwa mu kujugunya imyenda yoroshya uburyo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije bisukuye mu bitaro. Bitandukanye n'amashuka asanzwe y'imyenda, asaba kumesa no kumisha igihe kirekire, amashuka akoreshwa mu kujugunya imyenda ashobora gusimburwa mu minota mike. Uku guhindagurika vuba ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mu bice bikenerwa cyane nko mu byumba by'ubutabazi bw'ibanze no mu byumba byo kwigunga.

Ibitaro byashyizeho amabwiriza y’ubuzima nyuma y’icyorezo asaba guhinduranya amarido kenshi, akenshi buri byumweru 6-12. Amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha ayujuje ibi bisabwa nta ngorane, bituma amategeko yo kwirinda kwandura akurikizwa. Imiterere yayo yoroheje ituma yoroha kuyafata, bigabanya umunaniro ku bakozi mu gihe cyo gusimbuza abandi.

Inama: Sisitemu za pulley zikoresha ikoranabuhanga zishobora koroshya impinduka mu madirishya, zigatuma akazi kagabanuka igihe n'amafaranga y'abakozi.

Kwinjizwa mu Mategeko y'Isuku mu Bitaro

Amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo gukoresha isuku mu bitaro ahuza neza kandi neza n'amabwiriza y'isuku y'ibitaro, bigatuma ingamba zo kurwanya ubwanduUbushakashatsi bwerekana ko 92% by'amarido akoreshwa ashobora kongera gukoreshwa aba yandujwe na bagiteri mu cyumweru kimwe, bigatera ibyago bikomeye. Mu buryo bunyuranye, amarido akoreshwa mu kwica udukoko agumana igipimo cyo kwandura kiri hasi cyane, aho afite CFU 0.56 gusa ugereranyije na CFU 32.6 ku marido asanzwe.

Ibitaro byahinduye amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha bitangaza ko byagabanutseho 30% by'ubwandu. Iri terambere rigaragaza ko rigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya kwanduzanya kw'amarido. Mu gushyira amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha mu gihe cyo kuyasukura, ibigo nderabuzima bishobora gushyiraho ahantu hatekanye ku barwayi n'abakozi.

Kwita ku buzima bwite bw'umurwayi no kumuhumuriza kurushaho

Kwita ku buzima bwite ni inkingi y'ingenzi mu kwita ku barwayi, kandi amarido akoreshwa rimwe na rimwe ni yo atuma barushaho kuyatanga. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2022 bwagaragaje ko 89% by'abarwayi babona ko amarido y'ubuzima bwite ari ingenzi kugira ngo bagire ihumure kandi biheshe icyubahiro. Mu byumba bihuriweho n'abantu benshi no mu mashami y'ubutabazi, aya marido akora ahantu hihariye mu gihe cyo gusuzuma cyangwa kuvura, bigatuma abarwayi bumva bafite umutekano.

Amarido akoreshwa mu kujugunyamo imyenda na yo agira uruhare mu gutuma ibidukikije birushaho kuba byiza. Isura yayo nshya kandi iboneye irabagirana mu byumba by’ibitaro, bigatuma abarwayi bumva batuje kandi banyuzwe. "Igitambaro cy’Ibitaro Gifite Amabara Yacapwe" cya Esun gihuza imikorere n’ubwiza, gitanga amashusho meza yihariye yongera imiterere y’ahantu ho kwa muganga.

• Abarwayi baha agaciro amarido y'ubuzima bwite kugira ngo bakomeze kwihesha agaciro mu gihe cyo kugisha inama.
• Amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha atuma habaho ikirere cyiza kandi gishimishije, bigatuma umurwayi anyurwa.
• Mu turere dukunze kugaragaramo urujya n'uruza rw'abantu benshi, batanga ibisubizo byihuse kandi binoze byo kubungabunga ahantu ho gukorera abantu ku giti cyabo.

Icyitonderwa: Amarido akoreshwa mu gihe gito ni meza cyane ku bantu bamara igihe gito, nko mu mavuriro yo hanze, aho bisaba gusukurwa kenshi.

Imiterere y'imiti irwanya udukoko mu mashuka akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha

Kurinda gukura kwa bagiteri

Ibitaro bihora birwanya ubwandu bwa bagiteri, cyane cyane ahantu hakorerwaho ibintu byinshi. Amarido akoreshwa mu bitaro afite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya mikorobe bitanga igisubizo gikomeye. Izi myenda akenshi ziba zirimo ifeza cyangwa quaternary ammonium chloride (QACs), zirwanya bagiteri cyane. Ibizamini byo muri laboratwari, nka ISO 20743, bigaragaza ko izi myenda zishobora kugabanya indwara kugeza kuri 99.9%.

Ubushakashatsi bwa muganga bwerekana ko bukora neza mu buzima busanzwe. Amashuka arimo QAC agabanya cyane uburemere bwa mikorobe ugereranije n'amashuka asanzwe. Mu by'ukuri, ibitaro bikoresha aya mashuka byagaragaje ko byagabanutseho 93% mu kwandura kwa mikorobe. Ubu buryo bwo kurinda butuma haboneka abasimbura bake kandi ibidukikije bikagira umutekano ku barwayi n'abakozi.

• Amashuka arwanya mikorobe arimo feza na QAC zo kurwanya bagiteri.
• Ibizamini byo muri laboratwari byemeza ko indwara zitera indwara zandura zagabanutseho 99.9%.
• Ahantu ho kwa muganga hagaragaza igabanuka rya 93% ry'ubwandu bwa mikorobe.

Inama: Guhitamo amarido akoreshwa mu kwica udukoko bishobora gufasha ibitaro kubungabunga ahantu hasukuye nta mbaraga nyinshi.

Gushyigikira ingamba zo kurwanya ubwandu

Amashuka arwanya mikorobe akoreshwa rimwe na rimwe agira uruhare runini mu kurwanya indwara. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku kugereranya ubwiyongere bwa bagiteri ku mashuka asanzwe n'ayarwanya mikorobe bwerekanye itandukaniro rigaragara. Amashuka afite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya mikorobe afata igihe kirekire kugira ngo yandure, bigabanya inshuro zo kumesa no gusimbuza.

Mu kugabanya imitwaro ya mikorobe, aya madirishya ashyigikira amabwiriza y’isuku y’ibitaro kandi akanoza umutekano w’abarwayi. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo kuguma bafite isuku igihe kirekire butuma baba amahitamo meza kandi ahendutse ku bigo nderabuzima.

Ingamba zo gushyira mu bikorwa ku bufatanye

Abakozi bahugura ku bijyanye no gusimbuza amarido neza

Amahugurwa akwiye atuma abakozi b'ibitaro bashobora gusimbuza imyenda ikoreshwa mu buryo bwiza kandi busukuye. Abakozi benshi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima ntibazi inshuro imyenda ikwiye guhindurwa cyangwa uburyo bukwiye bwo kubikora. Amahugurwa asanzwe ashobora kuziba iki cyuho. Aya masomo agomba kwibanda ku kwigisha abakozi uburyo bwo gufata imyenda badakwirakwiza umwanda. Imyigaragambyo ishobora kwerekana uburyo bwiza bwo gukuraho imyenda yakoreshejwe no gushyiraho mishya nta gukora ku bice byanduye.

Ibitaro bishobora kandi gukoresha ibikoresho by'amashusho nk'amakarita cyangwa ubuyobozi bw'intambwe ku yindi mu bubiko bw'ibikoresho. Ibi byibutsa bifasha gushimangira uburyo bwiza bwo gukora. Urugero, abakozi bagomba kumenya ko amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyasimbuza vuba kandi byoroshye. Ubu buryo bugabanya igihe cyo kuruhuka kandi bugatuma ibyumba by'abarwayi biba byiteguye vuba.

Inama: Guha itsinda ryihariye inshingano zo kugenzura abasimburana bishobora kunoza inshingano no guhoraho.

Inkunga y'Ubuyobozi ku Bisubizo byo Kurwanya Ubwandu

Inkunga ikomeye mu buyobozi igira uruhare runini mu kubungabunga ingamba zo kurwanya ubwanduAbayobozi b'ibitaro bagomba gushyira imbere ibikoresho byo kwirinda kwandura, harimo no gukoresha amashuka akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha. Mu gushyiraho ingengo y'imari y'amashuka meza, bashobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura indwara ziterwa n'ubuvuzi (HAIs).

Abayobozi bashobora kandi gushyira mu bikorwa politiki zishishikariza guhinduranya amarido kenshi. Urugero, gukoresha peroxide ya hydrogen ku marido ya cubicle byagaragaye ko bigabanya indwara ku kigero cya 98.5%. Amarido akoreshwa mu isuku yoroshya ubu buryo kuko ashobora gusimburwa ako kanya nyuma yo gukoreshwa. Kongera imbaraga zo gusukura no gusimbuza amarido kenshi bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kwandura.

• Ibitaro byavuze ko HAI nkeya nyuma yo gukoresha amarido akoreshwa rimwe.
• Amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo gukoresha imyenda arimo gukundwa cyane bitewe no koroshya ikoreshwa ryayo no kuyikoresha neza.

Ubufatanye hagati y'abayobozi n'abakozi butuma ibi bisubizo biba ingirakamaro kandi birambye. Iyo buri wese akoranye, ibitaro bishobora gushyiraho ahantu hatekanye ku barwayi ndetse n'abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima.

Amashuka akoreshwa mu bitaro arimo guhindura uburyo bwo kurwanya indwara mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi. Imiterere yayo yo kurwanya udukoko no gusimbuza byoroshye bituma biba ngombwa cyane. Amavuriro akoresha aya mashuka atuma abarwayi n'abakozi baho bagira ahantu hasukuye. Mu gushyira imbere isuku, bigabanya ibyago kandi bikanoza umutekano ku bantu bose banyura mu miryango yabo.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iki gituma imyenda yo mu bitaro ikoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha iba myiza kurusha imyenda gakondo?

Amashuka akoreshwa mu kujugunyamo imyenda yoroshye kuyasimbuza, asukuye cyane, kandi akenshi aba afite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya mikorobe. Agabanya ibyago byo kwandura kandi akagabanya igihe ku bakozi b'ibitaro.

Amarido yo mu bitaro agomba gusimbuzwa kangahe?

Ibitaro bikunze kubisimbura buri byumweru 6-12 cyangwa mbere yaho mu bice bishobora guteza akaga gakomeye. Gusimburanya kenshi bituma abarwayi n'abakozi bagira ibidukikije bisukuye kandi bitekanye.

Ese amarido ya Esun ashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe?

Yego! Esun itanga imiterere myiza kandi icapishijwe neza irabagirana mu bitaro. Iyi mitako ihuza imikorere n'ubwiza, igatuma abarwayi bakira neza kandi banezerewe.

Inama: Hitamo uburyo bwo kurwanya mikorobe kugira ngo wongere uburinzi kuri bagiteri n'izindi ndwara.