Impamvu amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ari guhindura uburyo bwo kurwanya indwara mu buvuzi bwa none

Ibigo bishinzwe ubuvuzi bihura n'ibyago bihoraho bituruka ku kwandura bifitanye isano n'ubuvuzi. Imibare ikurikira igaragaza uko ibipimo bimeze:

Amadirishya yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa fasha gukemura izi ngorane. Ibigo byinshi ubu bihitamo amarido yo mu bwoko bwa cubicle akoreshwa mu gusana na umwenda w'ubuvuzi ibicuruzwa kurusha ibya gakondo umwenda w'ibitaro amahitamo.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Amarido yo kwa muganga ashobora gukoreshwa kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura hakoreshejwe ibikoresho birwanya udukoko bibuza mikorobe zangiza gukwirakwira ahantu hakorerwaho ubushakashatsi.
• Izi rido zoroshye kandi zihuta kuzisimbuza, zigatanga akazi ku gihe kandi zigagabanya ibyago by’umutekano ugereranije n’irido zisanzwe z’imyenda.
• Ibitaro bizigama amafaranga kandi bikanoza umutekano w'abarwayi binyuze mu guhindura amarido akoreshwa rimwe, ndetse no gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ingaruka ku bidukikije.

Ingaruka zo kwandura n'imbogamizi z'amarido asanzwe yo mu bitaro

Ahantu hakora cyane no kohereza indwara

Ibitaro Amadirishya y'ubuzima bwite Ishyirwa mu myanya ikunze gukorwaho cyane mu bigo byita ku barwayi. Abakozi bo mu bigo byita ku barwayi, abarwayi, n'abashyitsi bakunze gufata iyi mitako mbere, mu gihe cyo kuvura, na nyuma yo kuyifata. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abakozi bo mu bigo byita ku barwayi bandura bagiteri ku ntoki zabo nyuma yo gukora ku mitako. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ubwandu buriyongera, cyane cyane mu bice abantu bafata imyenda.

Ubushakashatsi ku muco bwagaragaje ko 42% bya amarido y'ibitaro yatwaye enterococci idakira vancomycin, 22% yari ifite Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) idakira methicillin, naho 4% yari irimo Clostridium difficile. Imiterere y’intoki yemeje ko izi ndwara zishobora kwimurirwa mu ntoki byoroshye, bigatuma imyenda iba isoko ikomeye y’indwara ziterwa n’ubuvuzi. Udukoko nka MRSA na Candida dushobora kubaho ku mwenda w’umwenda iminsi cyangwa ibyumweru, mu gihe bagiteri za Gram-negative nka Pseudomonas aeruginosa na Acinetobacter baumannii zigumaho mu gihe kirenga ukwezi. Kuba izi ndwara zikomeza kubaho bigaragaza ibyago biterwa n’umwenda gakondo.

Amarido y'ibitaro akora nk'amafomite, akora nk'ahantu ho kubika udukoko twangiza kandi agatuma dukwirakwira mu nzego z'ubuvuzi.

Ibibazo byo Gusukura n'Ibibazo byo Kuyubahiriza Amategeko

Kubungabunga imyenda gakondo y'imyenda bitera ibibazo byinshi bijyanye n'ibikoresho n'umutekano. Gukuraho no gusimbuza buri mwenda bishobora gufata iminota 30, akenshi bigasaba urwego no gushyira abakozi mu kaga. Amashuka ashobora gukurura hasi mu gihe cyo guhinduranya, bigatuma habaho kwanduzanya. Abakozi bagomba gukoresha ibikoresho byo kwirinda no gukurikiza amabwiriza yitonze kugira ngo birinde kwanduzanya.

Gukaraba kenshi ni ngombwa kugira ngo hagenzurwe indwara ziterwa n’udukoko, ariko igikorwa gisaba imbaraga nyinshi kandi gihenze. Amashuka agomba kwihanganira gukaraba kenshi mu nganda, bishobora kwangiza ibice bimanitse no kugabanya igihe cyo kubaho kwabyo. Izi ngorane akenshi zitera gusukurwa gake, bigatuma amashuka aba isoko y’udukoko twangiza. Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, Amadirishya yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa gutanga ubundi buryo bufatika bwo koroshya gusimbuza no kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura.

Uburyo amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa mu kuvura indwara

Ibintu by'ingenzi n'imiterere y'imiti irwanya udukoko

Amadirishya yo mu bitaro akoreshwa mu gutwika akoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kurwanya udukoko kugira ngo ahangane n’ibyago bihoraho byo kwandura biboneka ahantu hakora cyane. Abakora akenshi bakoresha imiti ya silver impregnation, hamwe n’imiti irwanya udukoko n’imiti irwanya udukoko, kugira ngo bahagarike gukura kwa virusi. Ubusanzwe iyi miti igizwe na polypropylene 100%, yongerewemo na nanometer silver n’indi miti irwanya udukoko. Isuzuma rya laboratwari ryerekana ko iyi miti ikora ahantu ho gukumira udukoko nka MRSA, VRE, Clostridium difficile, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, na Acinetobacter. Mu bitaro, cyane cyane mu byumba byita ku barwaye indwara zikomeye, imyenda irwanya udukoko igaragaza ko umwanda wagabanutse cyane. Urugero, ubushakashatsi buvuga ko nta MRSA cyangwa Enterobacteriaceae irwanya carbapenem yagaragaye ku mwenda urwanya udukoko mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu y’ubuzima bwayo.

Ibi bitanga uburyo bwo gufata amadirishya yo mu bitaro nk'uburyo bwo kurwanya ubwandu butagira ingaruka ariko bukomeye, bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura indwara ziterwa n'ubuvuzi.

Byoroshye gushyiraho no gusimbuza

Ibigo by’ubuvuzi byungukira ku buryo bworoshye bwo gushyiraho no gusimbuza amadirishya y’ibitaro. Abakozi bashobora gusimbuza aya madirishya mu minota mike, ugereranije n’amasaha asabwa ku madirishya asanzwe y’imyenda mu byumba by’imyenda myinshi. Amahitamo menshi yo gukoresha akoreshwa mu gusimbuza akwiranye n’inzira zisanzwe z’amadirishya kandi akoresha ibikoresho byo kuvugurura ibikoresho, bigatuma hatabaho kuvugurura ibyuma. Ubu buryo bugabanya ihungabana ry’akazi kandi bugabanya ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n’abakozi mu gihe cyo guhindura amadirishya.

Abakozi bo mu bitaro bikomeye, nka Royal Hospital i Londres na Central Medical Center ya New York, batangaza ko amarido akoreshwa rimwe na rimwe atuma akazi gakorwa neza kandi agatuma imirimo ya buri munsi ikorwa neza. Abayobozi bagaragaza kandi ko ikiguzi cyo gusukura cyagabanutse ndetse n'ibikorwa byo kubungabunga byagabanutse.

Koroshya kuyikoresha bituma habaho guhinduranya amarido kenshi, bigafasha kubahiriza isuku mu buryo buhoraho no kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduzwa n'abandi.

Kugabanya kwanduzanya kw'indwara n'icyorezo

Amadirishya yo mu bitaro akoreshwa rimwe agira uruhare runini mu guca uruhererekane rw'ubwandu. Uburyo akoreshwa rimwe butuma buri murwayi abona uruzitiro rushya kandi rudahumanye. Ibitaro bikoresha amadirishya akoreshwa rimwe bibona ubwandu bwa bagiteri bugabanuka cyane nyuma y'iminsi icumi kandi umubare muto w'ubwandu bwa bagiteri mu cyumweru kimwe. Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, amadirishya asanzwe y'ipamba agaragaza ubwandu bwinshi kandi umubare wa 92% w'ubwandu bwakoreshejwe. Amadirishya akoreshwa rimwe agumana imikorere myinshi yo kurwanya udukoko mu gihe cy'imyaka ibiri, bigatuma indwara nka MRSA na Clostridium difficile zigabanuka.

Ibigo bitanga raporo y’uko icyorezo cyagabanutse kandi ingaruka zo kurwanya ubwandu zarushijeho kuba nziza nyuma yo gukoresha amarido akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha, cyane cyane mu byumba by’ababana n’ubwandu bwinshi nka za ICU n’ibyumba byo kubaga.

Ubu buryo bwo kwirinda indwara butuma indwara ziterwa n’ubuvuzi zigabanuka kandi bugafasha mu kwita ku barwayi ahantu hatekanye.

Kuzigama Ikiguzi no Kunoza Imikorere

Amadirishya yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe atanga ikiguzi kinini n'inyungu zo gukora. Nubwo ikiguzi cya mbere kuri buri gikoresho kiri hagati ya $27.25 na $101.40, aya madirishya akuraho amafaranga ahoraho yo kumesa no kubungabunga. Amadirishya gakondo asaba kozwa buri gihe no kuvurwa hifashishijwe imiti irwanya udukoko, ibyo bikaba byongera amafaranga y'abakozi n'igihe cyo kuruhuka. Mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe, amadirishya yo gukoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe agaragaza ko ahendutse cyane bitewe no kuzigama amafaranga yo kuyatunganya no kuyagabanya.

Ubushobozi bwo gukora nabwo burarushaho kwiyongera. Urugero, Ikigo cy’Ubuvuzi cya City Medical Center cyagabanyije igihe cyo gusukura no gukingira indwara hagati y’ibikorwa binyuze mu gushyira amashuka akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha. Iyi mpinduka yongereye umubare w’abarwayi batanga serivisi kandi igabanya igihe cyo kuruhuka mu cyumba. Abakozi bashobora kwibanda cyane ku kwita ku barwayi aho kwibanda ku kubungabunga amashuka, birushaho kunoza imikorere y’ibitaro.

Ibitekerezo ku bidukikije n'imikorere myiza

Gukoresha cyane amadirishya yo mu bitaro ashobora kwangirika bitera impungenge zikomeye ku bidukikije. Gukoresha rimwe gusa bigira uruhare mu kwegeranya imyanda no kongera igitutu cy’imyanda. Inganda n’ubwikorezi nabyo bitwara umutungo n’ingufu. Ariko, udushya mu bumenyi bw’ibikoresho turimo gukemura ibi bibazo. Ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika na gahunda zo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho birimo gusuzumwa kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka ku bidukikije. Uburyo bukwiye bwo kujugunya imyanda n’amahugurwa y’abakozi bigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ingaruka mbi.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha neza ibintu mu buryo burambye burimo:

1. Gushyiraho gahunda zo kongera gukoresha amarido akozwe mu bikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa.
2. Gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora kubora kugira ngo bibe byangirika mu buryo busanzwe.
3. Gushakisha ikoranabuhanga ryo guhindura imyanda mu ngufu.
4. Gukorana n'abatanga serivisi bashyira imbere umusaruro utangiza ibidukikije.
5. Guhugura abakozi ku bijyanye no kwita ku isuku y'imyanda mu buryo bw'ubuziranenge.
6. Gusuzuma no kunoza gahunda zo kubungabunga ibidukikije buri gihe.

Ibitaro bishobora kuringaniza uburyo bwo kurwanya ubwandu n’inshingano zo kubungabunga ibidukikije binyuze mu gukoresha ubu buryo bwiza no gushyigikira udushya dukomeje mu gushushanya no gutata amadirishya.

Amadirishya yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bufatika atanga igisubizo gifatika cyo kurwanya ubwandu. Ibitaro byagaragaje ko byateye imbere umutekano w'umurwayi, guhindura vuba amarido, no kugabanya kwanduzanya kw'amarido.

• Gukurikirana iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mu buryo bwikora bituma habaho gusimbuza buri gihe.
• Imiterere y'imiti irwanya mikorobe hamwe n'imiterere yayo ikoreshwa rimwe gusa bigabanya umubare w'abandura.
• Abakozi barushaho kugira akazi gake, kandi ibigo bikora akazi gaciriritse kandi bigakurikiza amategeko.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni kangahe ibitaro bigomba gusimbuza amarido yo mu bitaro akoreshwa mu gihe runaka?

Ibigo byinshi bikora inama yo gusimbuza imyenda ikoreshwa rimwe buri mezi atandatu cyangwa ako kanya nyuma yo guhurira n'abarwayi banduye. Gusimbuza buri gihe bifasha mu kurwanya ubwandu neza.

Ese amarido yo mu bitaro ashobora gukoreshwa n'amarido asanzweho?

Amarido akoreshwa mu kujugunya ahura n'inzira zisanzwe. Abakozi bashobora kuyashyiraho bakoresheje ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa snap-in. Nta bikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho byihariye bikenewe.

Ese ibitaro bishobora kongera gukoresha amarido y'ibitaro akoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha?

Ibitaro bishobora kongera gukoresha imyenda imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu gihe ikozwe mu bikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Ibigo bigomba kubaza ababitanga kandi bigakurikiza amabwiriza yo mu gace bikoreramo yo kongera gukoresha.

Ikirego

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